In this episode of Micro Journeys, Daniel Marrujo sits down with Chris Progler, Executive Vice President and Chief Technology Officer at Photronics, for an in-depth conversation on the evolving role of photomasks in the global semiconductor ecosystem. From his early fascination with optics to his journey through IBM, Texas Instruments, and ultimately Photronics, Chris shares insights into the increasingly complex and critical world of integrated circuit manufacturing. Together, they unpack how lithography—and specifically photomask technology—serves as a foundational element in chip production.
The conversation dives deep into the challenges and vulnerabilities of the semiconductor supply chain, especially as it relates to national security, design integrity, and legacy system sustainment. Chris outlines how photomasks—often an overlooked component—are in fact a critical security checkpoint where subtle flaws or malicious changes can have downstream impacts on everything from defense systems to commercial electronics. He also sheds light on how the CHIPS Act’s trickle-down approach left gaps in the domestic mask-making infrastructure, and what it means for U.S. manufacturing resilience moving forward.
To close, Chris explores how Photronics is focusing on democratizing access to ASIC prototyping, lowering barriers to entry, and bringing computation into the mask design and production process. From advocating for digital twins to bolstering U.S. mask manufacturing capabilities, Chris paints a forward-thinking vision for how the industry can innovate while staying secure and responsive to future needs.